Austrian scientist and philosopher Rudolf Steiner
(1861-1925) refused to accept the contemporary scientific view of the
body as a purely physical entity. From that conviction was born the
doctrine of anthroposophy, a word he coined from the Greek words for
"man" and "divine wisdom." Steiner believed in the
uniqueness of each human being, and contended that health and well-being
deteriorated without that belief. Trained as a scientist and a mathematician,
he was influenced by Hindu and Buddhist beliefs, and founded a school
in which his theories became practice. Anthroposophical medicine determines
the nature of illness based on Steiner's principal of polarity. His
system attempts to link and harmonize both the upper and lower poles
of the body. Good health then depends on a harmonious relationship between
the physical, etheric and astral bodies, and the ego. Practitioners
are trained as medical doctors and may treat childhood infections, hay
fever and asthma, anxiety, depression, cancer, musculoskeletal problems
and fatigue.